| Year Summary | Monarch is King George III. Prime Minister is Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton (Whig), who resigned 28 January 1770, then Frederick North, Lord North (Tory). English explorer Captain James Cook takes <em>HMS Endeavour</em> on his first voyage to Australian. The population of the American colonies reaches 2,210,000; British troops clash with American colonists as the American Revolution continues. At home the Industrial Revolution: James Hargreaves obtains a patent for the <em>Spinning Jenny</em>. David Hartley, leader of the Cragg Vale Coiners, is hanged near York for making counterfeit gold coins. The chemist Joseph Priestley, recommends the use of a rubber eraser to remove pencil marks. |
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